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HbA1c to average glucose

One published equation, printed on the page so you can check the arithmetic yourself.

140
mg/dL — estimated average glucose
7.8 mmol/L · 48 mmol/mol
In the diabetes range on the ADA criteria (6.5% or above)

Nothing you type leaves your browser. Open the full page for 6.5% — or use the complete table below, which needs no JavaScript.

This page is reference information, not medical advice.

Nothing here can diagnose you, and nothing here is a treatment plan. Blood glucose results are interpreted by a doctor alongside your history, your symptoms and a repeat test — a single number on a screen is not a diagnosis. If any reading concerns you, or if you feel unwell, see a doctor rather than a website.

What the HbA1c conversion actually does

  1. HbA1c is the share of haemoglobin carrying glucose. Red cells live around three months, so the figure describes roughly that window, weighted towards the recent weeks.
  2. The ADAG regression translates that share into an average glucose. It was fitted on 507 people wearing continuous monitors, and it explained about 84% of the variation — so the output is a central estimate, not your reading.
  3. mmol/L comes from dividing by 18.016, the molar mass of glucose expressed in these units. mmol/mol comes from the separate NGSP master equation.
  4. Every row of the chart on this site is computed from these equations at build time, which is why the whole-percentage rows match the NGSP's own published table exactly.
  5. None of it is interpreted here. HbA1c is unreliable in anaemia, some haemoglobin variants, recent transfusion, advanced kidney disease and pregnancy — several of which are common in India — and only a clinician can weigh that.
eAG (mg/dL)     = 28.7 x HbA1c(%) - 46.7
eAG (mmol/L)    = eAG (mg/dL) / 18.016
HbA1c (mmol/mol) = (HbA1c(%) - 2.15) x 10.929

Full methodology →

ਸਰੋਤ

Where the equation came from

The regression is from the A1c-Derived Average Glucose study, published in Diabetes Care in 2008. It came from 507 people across ten international centres, each of whom wore continuous glucose monitors and took frequent finger-prick readings over three months, and it explained about 84% of the variation between HbA1c and measured average glucose. It is the equation the American Diabetes Association uses.

The mmol/mol line is the NGSP master equation, which converts between the percentage most Indian labs report and the unit used internationally.

ਸਰੋਤ·ADAG study, Nathan et al., Diabetes Care 2008;31(8):1473–1478·r² = 0.84 across 507 participants·ਸਮੀਖਿਆ ਜੁਲਾਈ 2026

Source: Nathan DM, Kuenen J, Borg R, Zheng H, Schoenfeld D, Heine RJ, for the A1c-Derived Average Glucose (ADAG) Study Group. Translating the A1C assay into estimated average glucose values. Diabetes Care 2008;31(8):1473–1478. Link
Source: National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program (NGSP) — HbA1c ਅਤੇ ਅਨੁਮਾਨਿਤ ਔਸਤ ਗਲੂਕੋਜ਼ (eAG)। Link

Full conversion panel

The full conversion table

Every HbA1c from 4.0% to 14.0% in steps of 0.1. This table is the calculator — the box above only saves you finding your row.

HbA1c ਨੂੰ ADAG ਰਿਗਰੈਸ਼ਨ ਨਾਲ ਅਨੁਮਾਨਿਤ ਔਸਤ ਗਲੂਕੋਜ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਬਦਲਿਆ ਗਿਆ, eAG (mg/dL) = 28.7 × A1C − 46.7। mmol/mol ਵਾਲਾ ਕਾਲਮ IFCC ਇਕਾਈ ਹੈ, ਜੋ NGSP ਮਾਸਟਰ ਸਮੀਕਰਨ ਤੋਂ ਹੈ। ਆਖ਼ਰੀ ਕਾਲਮ A1C ਨੂੰ ADA ਦੀਆਂ ਤਸ਼ਖ਼ੀਸੀ ਰੇਂਜਾਂ ਦੇ ਮੁਕਾਬਲੇ ਪੜ੍ਹਦਾ ਹੈ।
HbA1c (%)mmol/moleAG (mg/dL)eAG (mmol/L)ਇਹ ਕਿੱਥੇ ਬੈਠਦਾ ਹੈ
4.0% 20 68 3.8 Below the prediabetes range
4.1% 21 71 3.9 Below the prediabetes range
4.2% 22 74 4.1 Below the prediabetes range
4.3% 23 77 4.3 Below the prediabetes range
4.4% 25 80 4.4 Below the prediabetes range
4.5% 26 82 4.6 Below the prediabetes range
4.6% 27 85 4.7 Below the prediabetes range
4.7% 28 88 4.9 Below the prediabetes range
4.8% 29 91 5.1 Below the prediabetes range
4.9% 30 94 5.2 Below the prediabetes range
5.0% 31 97 5.4 Below the prediabetes range
5.1% 32 100 5.5 Below the prediabetes range
5.2% 33 103 5.7 Below the prediabetes range
5.3% 34 105 5.9 Below the prediabetes range
5.4% 36 108 6.0 Below the prediabetes range
5.5% 37 111 6.2 Below the prediabetes range
5.6% 38 114 6.3 Below the prediabetes range
5.7% 39 117 6.5 ਪ੍ਰੀ-ਡਾਇਬਟੀਜ਼ ਦੀ ਰੇਂਜ ਵਿੱਚ
5.8% 40 120 6.6 ਪ੍ਰੀ-ਡਾਇਬਟੀਜ਼ ਦੀ ਰੇਂਜ ਵਿੱਚ
5.9% 41 123 6.8 ਪ੍ਰੀ-ਡਾਇਬਟੀਜ਼ ਦੀ ਰੇਂਜ ਵਿੱਚ
6.0% 42 126 7.0 ਪ੍ਰੀ-ਡਾਇਬਟੀਜ਼ ਦੀ ਰੇਂਜ ਵਿੱਚ
6.1% 43 128 7.1 ਪ੍ਰੀ-ਡਾਇਬਟੀਜ਼ ਦੀ ਰੇਂਜ ਵਿੱਚ
6.2% 44 131 7.3 ਪ੍ਰੀ-ਡਾਇਬਟੀਜ਼ ਦੀ ਰੇਂਜ ਵਿੱਚ
6.3% 45 134 7.4 ਪ੍ਰੀ-ਡਾਇਬਟੀਜ਼ ਦੀ ਰੇਂਜ ਵਿੱਚ
6.4% 46 137 7.6 ਪ੍ਰੀ-ਡਾਇਬਟੀਜ਼ ਦੀ ਰੇਂਜ ਵਿੱਚ
6.5% 48 140 7.8 In the diabetes range
6.6% 49 143 7.9 In the diabetes range
6.7% 50 146 8.1 In the diabetes range
6.8% 51 148 8.2 In the diabetes range
6.9% 52 151 8.4 In the diabetes range
7.0% 53 154 8.6 In the diabetes range
7.1% 54 157 8.7 In the diabetes range
7.2% 55 160 8.9 In the diabetes range
7.3% 56 163 9.0 In the diabetes range
7.4% 57 166 9.2 In the diabetes range
7.5% 58 169 9.4 In the diabetes range
7.6% 60 171 9.5 In the diabetes range
7.7% 61 174 9.7 In the diabetes range
7.8% 62 177 9.8 In the diabetes range
7.9% 63 180 10.0 In the diabetes range
8.0% 64 183 10.2 In the diabetes range
8.1% 65 186 10.3 In the diabetes range
8.2% 66 189 10.5 In the diabetes range
8.3% 67 192 10.6 In the diabetes range
8.4% 68 194 10.8 In the diabetes range
8.5% 69 197 10.9 In the diabetes range
8.6% 70 200 11.1 In the diabetes range
8.7% 72 203 11.3 In the diabetes range
8.8% 73 206 11.4 In the diabetes range
8.9% 74 209 11.6 In the diabetes range
9.0% 75 212 11.7 In the diabetes range
9.1% 76 214 11.9 In the diabetes range
9.2% 77 217 12.1 In the diabetes range
9.3% 78 220 12.2 In the diabetes range
9.4% 79 223 12.4 In the diabetes range
9.5% 80 226 12.5 In the diabetes range
9.6% 81 229 12.7 In the diabetes range
9.7% 83 232 12.9 In the diabetes range
9.8% 84 235 13.0 In the diabetes range
9.9% 85 237 13.2 In the diabetes range
10.0% 86 240 13.3 In the diabetes range
10.1% 87 243 13.5 In the diabetes range
10.2% 88 246 13.7 In the diabetes range
10.3% 89 249 13.8 In the diabetes range
10.4% 90 252 14.0 In the diabetes range
10.5% 91 255 14.1 In the diabetes range
10.6% 92 258 14.3 In the diabetes range
10.7% 93 260 14.5 In the diabetes range
10.8% 95 263 14.6 In the diabetes range
10.9% 96 266 14.8 In the diabetes range
11.0% 97 269 14.9 In the diabetes range
11.1% 98 272 15.1 In the diabetes range
11.2% 99 275 15.2 In the diabetes range
11.3% 100 278 15.4 In the diabetes range
11.4% 101 280 15.6 In the diabetes range
11.5% 102 283 15.7 In the diabetes range
11.6% 103 286 15.9 In the diabetes range
11.7% 104 289 16.0 In the diabetes range
11.8% 105 292 16.2 In the diabetes range
11.9% 107 295 16.4 In the diabetes range
12.0% 108 298 16.5 In the diabetes range
12.1% 109 301 16.7 In the diabetes range
12.2% 110 303 16.8 In the diabetes range
12.3% 111 306 17.0 In the diabetes range
12.4% 112 309 17.2 In the diabetes range
12.5% 113 312 17.3 In the diabetes range
12.6% 114 315 17.5 In the diabetes range
12.7% 115 318 17.6 In the diabetes range
12.8% 116 321 17.8 In the diabetes range
12.9% 117 324 18.0 In the diabetes range
13.0% 119 326 18.1 In the diabetes range
13.1% 120 329 18.3 In the diabetes range
13.2% 121 332 18.4 In the diabetes range
13.3% 122 335 18.6 In the diabetes range
13.4% 123 338 18.8 In the diabetes range
13.5% 124 341 18.9 In the diabetes range
13.6% 125 344 19.1 In the diabetes range
13.7% 126 346 19.2 In the diabetes range
13.8% 127 349 19.4 In the diabetes range
13.9% 128 352 19.6 In the diabetes range
14.0% 130 355 19.7 In the diabetes range

ਅਨੁਮਾਨਿਤ ਔਸਤ ਗਲੂਕੋਜ਼ ਪਿਛਲੇ ਲਗਭਗ ਤਿੰਨ ਮਹੀਨਿਆਂ ਦੀ ਔਸਤ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ। ਇਹ ਕੱਲ੍ਹ ਸਵੇਰ ਦੇ ਤੁਹਾਡੇ ਪਾਠ ਦੀ ਭਵਿੱਖਬਾਣੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ, ਅਤੇ ਇੱਕੋ ਜਿਹੇ HbA1c ਵਾਲੇ ਦੋ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਰੋਜ਼ਾਨਾ ਦੇ ਉਤਰਾਅ-ਚੜ੍ਹਾਅ ਬਹੁਤ ਵੱਖਰੇ ਹੋ ਸਕਦੇ ਹਨ।

ਸਰੋਤ·ADAG ਰਿਗਰੈਸ਼ਨ (Diabetes Care 2008) · NGSP ਮਾਸਟਰ ਸਮੀਕਰਨ·computed at build time, not transcribed from another chart·ਸਮੀਖਿਆ ਜੁਲਾਈ 2026

What the number is, and is not

Estimated average glucose is an average over roughly the previous two to three months, weighted towards the more recent weeks. It is not a prediction of tomorrow morning's reading, and it cannot distinguish a person whose glucose sits steadily near the average from one swinging widely either side of it.

There are also well-documented situations in which HbA1c itself is not a reliable measure of average glucose — anaemia, some inherited haemoglobin variants, recent transfusion, advanced kidney disease and pregnancy among them. Several of those are common in India. The detail is here.

This converter does not interpret your result and does not set a target. Whether a particular HbA1c calls for anything, and what, is a clinical decision made by a doctor who knows your history. If your result concerns you, take it to one.

PeakForm is a training and accountability programme. It is not a treatment for diabetes or prediabetes, it is not a substitute for your doctor's advice, and nothing on this site should be acted on before speaking to one.

Questions this report anticipates

How do you convert HbA1c to average blood sugar?
With the ADAG regression published in Diabetes Care in 2008: estimated average glucose in mg/dL = 28.7 × HbA1c − 46.7. For mmol/L, divide that result by 18.016. An HbA1c of 7.0% gives 154 mg/dL, or 8.6 mmol/L.
What is a normal HbA1c?
Below 5.7% on the ADA criteria. 5.7% to 6.4% is the prediabetes range, and 6.5% or above is in the diabetes range. WHO also uses 6.5% as its diagnostic cut-off and states that a value below it does not rule diabetes out.
What is HbA1c in mmol/mol?
The IFCC unit. The NGSP master equation converts it: mmol/mol = (percentage − 2.15) × 10.929. So 6.5% is 48 mmol/mol and 7.0% is 53 mmol/mol.
Is estimated average glucose the same as my glucometer average?
Not exactly. eAG is a statistical translation of HbA1c derived from a study of 507 people, and the regression explained about 84% of the variation. Your own measured average can sit either side of it, and two people with the same HbA1c can have very different day-to-day swings.

Conversion from the ADAG study (Nathan et al., Diabetes Care 2008) and the NGSP master equation. Diagnostic bands from the ADA Standards of Care. General information only — NOT medical advice, and never a diagnosis. Only a doctor can interpret your results and diagnose or treat diabetes. If a reading concerns you, see a doctor rather than a website. Every threshold, equation and glycemic index value used on this site is listed with its publication on the data & method page, and every publication is listed with its issuing body and its date in the source register.

ਸਰੋਤ·Published reference ranges + GI tables·ਸਮੀਖਿਆ ਜੁਲਾਈ 2026

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This site and nine others like it are built and photographed by two people: Amit Sharma — behind the build; Geeta Patel — the poses, demonstrated. New work goes up on Instagram and Facebook before it reaches a page here.

Amit Sharma @amitsharmaofficial Instagram Geeta Patel @geetapatelnz Instagram Geeta Patel GeetaPatelYoga Facebook

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